The effect of exercise on blood pressure

The effect of exercise on slant printing pressIntroductionThe cardiorespiratory System is the carcass in the body that is responsible for collecting and distri preciselying type O to all parts of the body for use in cellular ventilating system and is also for removing the waste cytosine dioxide that the body produces after burning the oxygen. This system is comprised of the respiratory and circulative systems which include the heart, lungs, veins, arteries, and capillaries. The respiratory system is what collects the oxygen from the international environment and expels CO2 by dint of breathing. When someone breaths they inhale oxygen into their lungs and choke CO2 out of their lungs. The circulatory system is the organ system that transports the bodys relationship throughout itself. The smear carries important materials standardised oxygen and carbon dioxide to both inch of the body. The heart is a muscle about the size of a clenched fist and weighs approximately 10.5 ounces (Science Clarified 2010). It is the control center of the circulatory system and removes the affinity to the lungs and the other(a) parts of the body through spying and relaxing itself in a rhythm that keeps furrow constantly change of location in the body.The way the cardiopulmonary system works is the heart is eternally eyeing blood through its 4 chambers (right and left over(p) atrium and ventricles) and out through arteries out to the body. The right atrium and right ventricle pumps CO2 rich and O2 brusk blood to the lungs, where thinner blood vessels called capillaries absorb oxygen from the lungs and releases its CO2 into the lungs. The oxygen rich blood returns to the heart through veins into the left atrium and then the left ventricle. The oxygen rich blood is then pumped out into more than than arteries that take the blood to other organs and parts of the body. The oxygen is released into the cells through thin capillaries again, and then return as oxyge n poor and carbon dioxide rich blood returns to the heart.The functions of the cardiopulmonary system hatful be heedful by taking a humans heart rate and blood bosom. The heart rate or neural impulse is how many durations a humans heart beats per instantute. The heartbeat can be deliberate only through arteries, because when the heart contracts, the forced blood causes compact that can be felt in the arteries, known as arterial mash. Veins travel back to the heart learn much thinner walls and therefore dont sop up enough pressure from the heart pumping to be used to measure pulse. The pressure within veins is affected by defines outside the vessels themselves, such as muscle contraction of surrounding skeletal muscles (Weedman and Sokoloski 2009). Blood pressure is taken by standard a persons diastolic pressure and systolic pressure. The diastole is the period of the hearts pumping bicycle when the atria and ventricles fill and the heart relaxes. The systole is wh en the heart contracts and forces the blood out of the heart. The total pass time for a complete cycle of both the atria and the ventricles is 0.8 second (Fredrick and Pauline 1987).In this lab, the question for the experiment was how exercises will affect your blood pressure and pulse. The supposal tested was manner of walkinging up or toss off quatern flights of steps will increase blood pressure and pulse, unlike the slide fastener hypothesis that blood pressure and pulse after walking up or down the stairs will not be affected. We hypothesized that blood pressure and pulse will increase because walking up or down stairs requires more energy than a body at rest. This exercise requires the heart pump blood faster in companionship to supply more oxygen to the body to provide the energy to walk up and down the stairs. The importance and relevance of this experiment is that someone who is unfit and prone to a heart attack may be at risk of suffering an attack art object wal king up flights of stairs if it raises blood pressure and heart rate.Methods and MaterialsThe experiment was done in a building with four flights of stairs, with 24 participants from our relegate separated into groups of dickens. The two accomplices had a sphygmomanometer that measured blood pressure and pulse, and a pencil and paper to picture pulse and blood pressure. The heart rate and blood pressure was tested for walking up and down the stairs by making assistant one walk up four flights as partner two waited at the top of the stairs. When partner one r apieceed the top, partner two was there too measure partner ones heart rate and blood pressure using the sphygmomanometer. The inflatable cuff on the device was attached to the partners hurrying arm and inflated. The cuff was then deflated as the sphygmomanometer analyzed the blood pressure and pulse from the partners artery running down their arm. Partner two measured the blood pressure and pulse once after partner one r to each oneed the top of the stairs, then again after two proceeding passed, and after four minutes passed. The same process was taken for the other partner walking down the stairs. The independent variable was the subject all walking up or down the stairs. The dependent variable was each partners heart rate and blood pressure. After the experiment, we gathered the entropy from everyone in the class and averaged their results and compiled the data into tables and graphs for interpretation.ResultsThe results from the participants of the experiment were that on average, after each partner did their exercise, their blood pressure and heart rate increase. Comparing walking up the flights of stairs to walking down however, our results studyed that walking up stairs increased blood pressure and pulse more than walking down the stairs. Our classs averages argon compiled in the data table below. The data from the table is also displayed on graphs to come out the trend of blood pres sure and pulse. T-tests were done on the data from the basal admiting to 0 minutes after walking up or down the stairs and from 0 minutes after to 4 minutes after walking up or down the stairs. The t-tests show the probability that the results from walking up or down starts are ground on chance, or if there is significance to the results. If the P value of each t-test is greater than .05 then the results are based on chance and are insignificant.Data TablePulse (bpm)DownUp lowly71.567.70 min run72.688.62 min post73.667.24 min post73.970.3Systolic BP (mm Hg)Basal113.3119.30 min post1211412 min post1191224 min post112123Diastolic Bp (mm Hg)Basal71.3710 min post76912 min post77814 min post7878T-TestsT-TestT-Test DownT-Test UpPulse RateBasal- 0 Min.0.6467742590.0217629170 Min. 4 Min.0.6287284280.032305937Systolic Blood PressureBasal- 0 Min.0.042460260.0024691840 Min. 4 Min.0.0176518270.000671518Diastolic Blood PressureBasal- 0 Min.0.0740345790.0007391250 Min. 4 Min.0.5676431620.00 1016322GraphsAccording to the averages in blood pressure and pulse, the graph and data tables show that walking up stairs increases the blood pressure and pulse more than walking down the stairs. The T-test for each measurement says that in the majority of the dataDiscussionBefore the experiment, I hypothesized that when someone walks up or down the stairs, it would increase the persons blood pressure and pulse. The experiment results instead only support the hypothesis that walking up the stairs increases blood pressure and pulse, but the data and t-tests showed for walking down stairs showed that it wasnt a significant increase. My hypothesis wasnt fully correct and a more appropriate hypothesis would have been that walking up the four flights of stairs would increase blood pressure and pulse more than walking down the same amount of stairs. This is because while walking upstairs the body has to work against the force of gravity which is more energy consuming than walking down sta irs. This explains our results that after walking up the stairs, the subject tested had a higher blood pressure (141/91) and pulse (89) than the subject who walked down the stairs (BP 121/76 Pulse 72). The heart had to pump faster and with more force going up the stairs to move oxygen faster to the parts of the body and thus raised the bodys blood pressure and pulse. Some errors that manipulated the results were the two being tested had disparate features like height, weight, shape, and health. These differences would lead to different results because someone that is in better physical condition would not have as high a blood pressure and pulse than someone who isnt as fit. This is because their heart is stronger and doesnt need to work as hard to supply the body with the right amount of oxygen. The entire class also had a range of body types all in different physical shape that also could have affected results. Also the partner who walked down the stairs did not get measured on t ime for the 2 minute and 4 minute measurements and the sphygmomanometer didnt always properly read the subjects blood pressure and pulse properly.If this experiment was to be repeated it would be better if only one person walked up and down the stairs, and that there was a control measurement of the persons pulse and blood pressure before they walk up the stairs and are at rest.Cited LiteratureCornett D. Frederick, Gratz Pauline. 1987. neo Human Physiology. United States Holt, Rinehart and Winston, Publishers. p 337.Science Clarified, Circulatory System, http//www.scienceclarified.com/Ci-Co/Circulatory-System.html, Sept. 7, 2010.Weedman, Sokoloski. 2009, Biology of Organisms A Laboratory Manual for LIFE 103. Mason OH Cengage Learning. p 176.